The reader can input these data as they try out the steps listed below, and then compare their graphs to the model graphs included in this article. This tutorial includes sample data sets which are embedded within the instruction sets for each type of graph. Deochand ( 2017) describes a method for inputting condition lines using error bars, whereas the current tutorial describes how to input condition lines by creating a data series.
In particular, Dubuque ( 2015) describes how to input condition lines using gradient and transparency options, and also provides instructions for creating condition labels (rather than using a legend, which is included in this tutorial). It is important to note that the methods described in this tutorial represent one way to create single-subject graphs, and there are other methods which users may prefer.
This updated task analysis also includes directions for additional formatting options, such as changing the size of symbols in the legend and re-positioning the legend in the chart area.
The purpose of this article is to provide step-by-step instructions for creating graphs in Excel® 2016 that are commonly used when conducting functional analyses: reversal, latency, and multielement design graphs, along with bar graphs which are typically used when conducting trial-based functional analyses. The introduction of Microsoft Excel 2016 for PCs resulted in numerous software changes that require additional expertise by the user to create graphs. Vanselow and Bourret ( 2012) included an online training component to their published article, along with some additional techniques, such as creating bar graphs and using phase lines that update as data are added to the graph. ( 2009) provided updated instructions for the 2007 version of that program. Carr and Burkholder ( 1998) outlined steps for creating graphs using Microsoft Excel®, and Dixon et al. However, the process of creating graphs can be cumbersome, a challenge which has been ameliorated in part by the publication of tutorials which list out the steps necessary to create graphs using current popular software programs. In the field of applied behavior analysis, the utilization of graphs to interpret data is paramount.
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